Lake Natron
Lake Natron. Home of 2.5 Million Lesser Flamingos and the only breeding grounds on Earth. It is a soda lake at the base of the active Oldonyo Lengai volcano; the area around Lake Natron is often described as desolate and almost lunar.
Lake Natron is located in northern Tanzania. The nearest towns to Lake Natron are Arusha in Tanzania and Magadi in Kenya.
It is the world’s most important breeding site for Lesser Flamingos.
East Africa has 1.5-2.5 million Lesser Flamingos, representing three-quarters of the global population, and most of them hatch at Lake Natron.
Food is plentiful, nesting sites abound – and above all, the lake is isolated and undisturbed.
The lake and its ecosystem provide a livelihood for local communities.
High evaporation has left behind natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) and trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate).
The lake’s alkalinity can reach a pH greater than 12. The surrounding bedrock consists of alkaline, sodium-rich trachyte lavas deposited during the Pleistocene.
The lavas contain significant carbonate but very low calcium and magnesium. This has allowed the lake to concentrate into a caustic alkaline brine.
Colored a deep red by salt-loving organisms and algae, the lake reaches extreme temperatures and is nearly as acidic as ammonia.
Although most human settlements throughout history have formed around lakes and rivers, the barren landscape around Lake Natron tells a clear story of a place no one ever wanted to live.
Walking around the lake and to the streams and waterfalls along the nearby escarpment makes for a fantastic adventure off the beaten track.
There are several campgrounds near the lake, which is also the base for climbing Oldonyo Lengai in Tanzania.
To experience more, a visit to Lake Natron can be combined with a wildlife safari across the pristine parks on the northern circuits, including the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater.


